Umehluko phakathiingilazi ebonakalayokanti ezinye izibuko ziwukuthi njengengxenye yesistimu yokukhanya, kumele ihlangabezane nezidingo zesithombe sokukhanya.
Ubuchwepheshe bayo bokucubungula okubandayo busebenzisa ukwelashwa kokushisa komphunga wamakhemikhali kanye nengxenye eyodwa yengilazi ye-soda-lime silica ukushintsha isakhiwo sayo sokuqala sama-molecule ngaphandle kokuthinta umbala wokuqala kanye nokudluliselwa kokukhanya kwengilazi, okwenza ifinyelele izinga lokuqina kakhulu, futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuvikela umlilo ngaphansi komthelela wokushisa okuphezulu. Ingilazi eqinile kakhulu engamelani nomlilo kanye nendlela yayo yokukhiqiza kanye nemishini ekhethekile. Yenziwe ngezingxenye ezilandelayo zesilinganiso sesisindo: umphunga kasawoti we-potassium (72% ～83%), i-argon (7% ～10%), i-gaseous copper chloride (8% ～12%), i-nitrogen (2 % ～6%).
Ikhwalithi yengilazi ebonakalayo inezidingo ezilandelayo:
1. Ama-constant aqondile e-optical kanye nokuvumelana kwama-constant abonakalayo eqoqo elifanayo lengilazi
Uhlobo ngalunye lwengilazi yokukhanya lunenani elijwayelekile lenkomba yokukhanya elinqunyiwe lamaza ahlukahlukene okukhanya, okusebenza njengesisekelo sabaklami bokukhanya ukuklama izinhlelo zokukhanya. Ama-constant optical azo zonke ingilazi yokukhanya ezikhiqizwa efektri kumele abe ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile obuvumelekile balezi zindinganiso, ngaphandle kwalokho ikhwalithi yangempela yokuthwebula izithombe ngeke ifane nomphumela olindelekile ngesikhathi sokuklama futhi ikhwalithi yethuluzi lokukhanya izothinteka.
2. Ukucaca Okuphezulu
Ukukhanya kwesithombe kwesistimu yokukhanya kuhambisana nokubonakala kwengilazi. Ukucaca kwengilazi yokukhanya ekukhanyeni kobude obuthile be-wavelength kuvezwa yi-Kλ. Ngemva kokuba ukukhanya kudlule ochungechungeni lwama-prism nama-lens, ingxenye yamandla ayo ilahleka ngokubonakaliswa kwe-interface yezingxenye zokukhanya kanti enye ingxenye imuncwa yi-medium (ingilazi) uqobo. Eyokuqala yanda ngokukhuphuka kwe-refractive index yengilazi. Ngengilazi ene-refractive index ephezulu, leli nani likhulu kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukulahlekelwa kokukhanya kokukhanya kobuso obunye bengilazi ye-flint ephikisanayo cishe kungama-6%. Ngakho-ke, ohlelweni lokukhanya oluqukethe amalensi amaningi amancane, indlela eyinhloko yokwandisa ukudluliselwa ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokukhanya kobuso belensi, njengokumboza ubuso nge-anti-reflection coating. Ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zokukhanya ezifana nelensi eqondile ye-astronomical telescope, ukudluliselwa kohlelo lokukhanya kunqunywa kakhulu yi-light absorption coefficient yengilazi ngokwayo ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Ngokuthuthukisa ubumsulwa bezinto zokusetshenziswa kwengilazi nokuvimbela noma yikuphi ukungcola kombala ekuxubeni kuyo yonke inqubo kusukela ekuhlanganisweni kuya ekuncibilikisweni, i-coefficient yokumuncwa kokukhanya kwengilazi ngokuvamile ingaba ngaphansi kuka-0.01 (okungukuthi, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwengilazi enobukhulu obungu-1 cm kukhulu kuno-99%).
Ingilazi kaSaidaingumhlinzeki wokucubungula ingilazi odumile emhlabeni wonke osezingeni eliphezulu, onentengo encintisanayo kanye nesikhathi sokulethwa ngesikhathi. Ngokwenza ingilazi ngokwezifiso ezindaweni eziningi futhi igxile kuphaneli yokuthinta ingilazi, iphaneli yengilazi yokushintsha, ingilazi ye-AG/AR/AF/ITO/FTO/Low-e yesikrini sokuthinta sangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-09-2020